( Place -were 3 Prime minster stayed as guests & First Judicial hanging place in Kashmir ( Phaasi Koot )
1)Real Name : Mr Avery's Wier
Weir in english means : Dam across River.
2) Pratap singh gave Appox 1.5 lac to British engineer Avery to construct Wier in 1906 and it was inaugurated in 1906
3) Why they constructed it : To raise the level of water upstream or to regulate the flow of the stream. It also means an enclosure of stakes set in a stream to trap fish.
4). ” Phassi Koot “ Wier was fomous since centuries for a an odd reason ,it happened to cater first recorded Judicial hanging /public execution place in kashmir since mughal era Locally known as “Phaasi koot “
5) Former Politician who stayed at Weir Guest house : °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°° a) Prime minster of india : Pandit Nohru b)President of Russia : Two premiers of Russia : # Nikolai Bulganin #Khrushchev C) Prime Minster of J&K : Bakshi D) President of J&K : Karan Singh
6) Guzarwaan : This place used to cater an office for collecting toll tax -hence the name Guzarwaan ( Guzar – Access ;Waan – Shop) This was the place from where one could access market of srinagar for selling their item rice ,eggs ,vegetable .
7) Since i resident of qamarwari ,chattabal i have heard from my paternal & maternal grand father that Marhoom Aziz Lala & Abdul Salam Bhat that any one who used to cross Noor jehan Bridge ( cement bridge ) were asked to pay toll even if he carries an Egg . To be continued in part 2
Charri- i- huend – doudh (Smoke tax ) Part 2 of 2 °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°° ( click here to read part 1-about Nikkah tax for muslim https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=397833911640400&id=100042413824806 ) 1) Definition of Proverb : Charri – huend Dodh is corrupted form of “Zarr i dodh” tax . We often hear our elders saying ” Assi chu Naeran Charri huend Dodh ti garri ” which implies we have sufficient amount or article back home to sustain ourself in crises .
2) Before ,I sum up ,about this punitive tax by Afghan ,I wish to put forth one of most irrational & dumb idea ,which is carried by my nation for generation together – it’s this communal & irrational trait which is ruining our present generation aswell .
3) Ask me ,what is that ? My people irrespective of creed & colour ( pandits ,buddhist ,Muslim ,silks) :- “Accept every murderer ,beduoin capitalist ,fuedal lords & elite communal clergy- men as their hero ,just coz ,they carry Hindu ,sikh or Muslim name “.
4) These fuedal lords or capitalist neither represent any religion or class in their ruling era nor they gave a damn about non elite kashmiris .They were all scavengers of our blood , & once out of power they took refuge in the religion and became messiah & avtaar .
5) Elites mostly among kashmiri Pandit & then almost every clergical Muslim classes were accomplice of every foreign tyranical rule .
Example : Zarri Dodh tax is related to afghan occupational rule : This afghan rule was not only run by local Muslim elites but Pandit were main for runners of this tyrical rule were pandits .
A) Pandit Nand Ram Tiku was prime minster afghanistan under afghan rule .
“Ram Ram kehna hoga slogan” : He minted gold coins in his own name in afghanistan bearing the following Persian inscription. Sikka-e-zaddur mulk-e-Kabul Nand Ram Aj Musalmanam, bagoyed Ram Ram
“Meaning Nand Ram earned coins in Kabul, Oh! Muslims call out Ram Ram.”
That trait is still followed by panislamist in afghan ,they destroyed Bamiyan buddhist statues using logic of religious bigotry .
B)Pandit Birbal Kak was Finance & taxation minster of tyranical rule of Afghans in kashmir .
Irrational pandits will always blame islam & every common Muslim for this tyranical rule .But they will forget the role of their accomplices whom they brand as their heroes .
C)Like wise ,kashmir Muslim forget role of own hypocrites & fuedal lords who bought them this foreign occupational rule . Mir Muquim Kanth and Khwaja Zahir Didamari were responsible for inviting the Afghani Ahmed Shah Abdali to invade Kashmir and to bring it under it’s occupation .
Another Example : Ranjeet singh”s tyrinical rule If kashmiri Muslim clergy & fuedal lords bought them Mughal & afghan occupation ,Kashmir Pandit like Birbal kak bought them under most taxing Occupational rule of Ranjit singh & His son Raj kak dhar became accomplice of miya Human singh ( Rangit singh never ruled kashmir directly but through elite pandit beaurocracy)
Charri Dodh tax : Karim dad khan was governor of subah e kashmir ,though all afghans of that owing to tribal background were not only ferocious ,both kashmiri Muslim & pandits suffered under their rule . Pandit were highly troubled by them ,they announced ,if any Pandit wants to cook their food or prepare coal for brutal winters they have to pay ” Smoke tax” – this is how Zarri dood tax came into existence.
Kashmiri pandits can’t blame kashmiri Muslim : The first massacre of kashmiri pandits in kashmir was carried out by Hindu vaishnavite king .To save themselves the cry was raised everywhere ‘NA BATOHAM’ ,’’I AM NOT A BHATA’’ ( Source : According to Pandit Jai Lalkilam ,History of Kashmiri Pandits,pp.20)
Like wise most of the Muslim in kashmir were killed by their own fuedal lords,clergymen and foreign regimes whom their own Muslim bought over .
Note : I often relate such anecdotes to bring harmony among different commnities of my kashmir .I never intended to hurt any one . Your’s DrAshraf Kashmiri
( Marraige taxes for muslim ) Zarr i Nikkah: Taxes for kashmiri Muslim. ( Shatrashahi – Batamaloo – Srinagar ) During Dogra occupation (Zarri – Nikkah)
1) Zarr i Nikkah : ( Shatrashashi tax ) Zarr means Tax Shatrashahi : Place In Batamaloo ,srinagar ,during Occupational era of Ranbir Singh ,Kashmiri Muslim were supposed to pay monthly taxes ,if they wish to marry.it served two purpose for Dogra regime .
1) Islamophobic Ranbir singh : Out all of Dogra fuedal kings ,Ranbir singh was quite communal .There are legends about him ,that he did not even like shadows of Muslim crossing him .
a)-To keep a check on muslim population was another intended purpose .
b) Taxes : He used to earn 1 lac rupees per annum by that nikkah tax
2)Satrashahi nikkah tax collection centre : Marriage tax also known as sathrashahi. Collection office was established in Shatrashahi ,Srinagar and Molvi Nasir ud din was appointed as incharge there . ( Behind present Civil Secretariat , srinagar) Any one who would wish get married had to pay taxes first at Shatrashashi & then they were allowed to get married
New Secretariat building – Shatrashahi.
Nikkah tax became deterrent for kashmiri Muslim ,they hardly could manage to pay taxes so they either used to skip idea of marraige
Muslim scholars devised a way out ,they introduced marraige nikkah cermonies in masajids to evade taxes .
This irritated ,the incharge minster of zarri nikkah taxes( Mehan Singh ? ) & he started persecuting those who got married without tax . Ultimately ,one fine morning ,Mehan Singh himself accepted islam and which led to end of tyranical era of Zarr i Nikkah .
To quote ,Saif-ud-Din, Roznamcha, 15 February, 1854., According to the registers of the receipts the sum of 42,000/- rupees had been collected as a tax from Muslims on account of marriages divorces and other connected matters from 1846 to l852
According to Khanyari, Wa-jiz-ut-Tawarikh, 206,“Zar-i-Nikah which had been fixed at three rupees was now raised to s ix rupees including Arzi tax (application fee ) ,Rasum-i-Mandi and Mahaldar, Khar chi-i-Adalat ( expenditure on court).‘’Monthly taxes for Married Muslim couples °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°° : According to ,assistant officer ,Dept of Archeology ,Molvi Muhammad Shah Saadat ,Tarikh e kashmir ki Roxana Dairy ,pp.597 ,not only Zarr e Nikkah ( nikkah Taxes) ,Muslim couples had to pay monthly taxes even after their marraige up till Pratap Singh took over .
Next : Zarr e Food taxes for pandits ( Wait for part 2 of 2) Kashmir has to be understood ,keeping history in mind . Kashmir can be understood by those who have human heart – religious thugs ,capitalist ,fascist politicians can’t understand kashmir .
Great advice for kashmiri Muslims by Former president of India ( Salute this great Indian ) : A Reflecting Poem by Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma The Poem about Quran
“Amal ki kitab thi. Dua ki kitab bana dia.
Samajhne ki kitab thi. Parhne ki kitab bana dia.
Zindaon ka dastoor tha. Murdon ka manshoor bana dia.
Jo ilm ki kitab thi. Usay la ilmon ke hath thama dia.
Taskheer-e-kayenaat ka dars denay aayi thi. Sirf madrason ka nisaab bana dia.
Murda qaumon ko zinda karne aayi thi. Murdon ko bakhshwane per laga dia.
Aye Musalmano ye tum nay kia kiya?”
Translation
“It was a command for action. You turned it into a book of prayer.
It was a Book to understand. You read it without understanding.
It was a code for the living. You turned it into a manifesto of the dead.
That which was a book of knowledge; You abdicated to the ignoramus.
It came to give knowledge of Creation. You abandoned it to the school.
It came to give life to dead nations. You used it for seeking mercy for the dead.
Prophet Solomon ( Sulaiman) came to Kashmir according to Baba Dawood Khaaki ( RH) ===================== I was compiling a brief note on famous personalities who arrived in kashmir , 500 year old ode ( Qasida Gsliya) written by Famous Sufi saint Baba Dawood Khaki Rahimhullah intruiged me.He was student of Sheikh Hamza Makhdoomi rahimhullah . Among the famous works of khaki are ,VirdulMurideen, Dastoorul Salikeen, Qasida Jalalia, Qasida Lamhiya. Excerpts from this ode was sent to me by Peerzada Muhammad Ashraf. Inference : if you want to understand history – u have to explore Kashmir literature . ( I will share my research on prophets & saints who arrived in kashmir tomarrow)
( Ra’iees e Kashmir (1850* – 1921) Pen name : Muqbil (Educationist ,landlord , philanthropist,poet & politico- social activist )
1) Caste : kai-gohar – ghakhar- kokhars and finally settled as ” Kokarr “ Gakhars or kokurrs came from Iran- Sassanian persian area The Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition of 1911 states that “the Ghakkars seem to represent an early wave of conquest from the east, and they still inhabit the whole eastern slope of the district.
2) Ancestory : 2400 years before Sultan Kaid Kaighor ( son of Kaighor ) was Ruler of Punjab – It was during era of zainulabideen Budshah ,kokkars settled down in kashmir .
A) According to Gakhar history “Kaygawharnāma” by Rāyzāda Dunīchand Bālī which was written in 1725.”The “Kaygawharnāma” claims the Gakhars were Sassanian Persian nobles who, with their knights, went beyond the northeast frontier of the Sassanian empire. seeking lands in China, Tibet and Kashmir. Gakhars therefore use the ancient royal Persian title “Kay or “Kayani as did the Sassanian aristocracy .
3) Raja Jasrat Khan Ghakar was friend of Budshah of kashmir ,he invited him to settle in kashmir to escape wrath of politicle upheavals of that era .
5) Khawaja Abdul Samad Kakroo son Ali Kakroo was decendent of Raja Jasrat
6)Abdul Samad Kakroo was founding member of was a founder-member of first muslim educationol organization of Asia All-India Muslim Educational Conference and infact founding members of All-India Muslim League.
5) Against british Imperialism : He had participated in the annual meeting of the Muslim League in 1906 at Dhaka under Founder of Muslim league Nawab Salim ullah kashmiri – In this meeting Khawaja had voiced strongly against the British atrocities.
6) Educational Scholarship : He introduced educationol scholarship for kashmiri studebt irrespective of religious creed .
7) Centaur Hotel : He gifted an island to Hari- Singh ,where he used to rare up his pigeon ( it was known as kabootar khana then ( koturr baazi was his hobby it seems )
8) Shodi Pa”end on other side of Makhdoom sahib : He gifted Shodi Pa’end to cannabis smoker Darveshes .
9)He was among the founding member of Anjuman-i-Himayat-i-Islam (“The Association for the Support of Islam”) ,which was an Islamic intellectual and social welfare organisation in 1880s ,founded by Hameed-ud-Din. ( Check who were kashmiri nawabs : https://www.facebook.com/117030590127136/posts/125395259290669/ )
10) Allama Iqbal : He was close friend of Allama Iqbal and Sir Syed Khan, Allama Shibli Nomani, Dr. Ansari, Maulana Hali, Hakim Muhammad Ajmal Khan, Nawab Salimullah of Dhaka, Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, Maulana Shaukat Ali, Maulana Jafar Ali, Nawab Muhsinul Mulk, Nawab Waqarul Mulk, Maulana Hasrat Mohani, Maulwi Syed Mir Hassan Shah Sialkoti .
11) Abdul Samad Kakroo was follower and friend of Allama Anwar Shah of Kashmir. Infact it was at the request of Khawaja Samad that Allama established a Darul Uloom, Madrasa Faiz-e Aam at Baramulla.
10) He died in 1921 – Allama Iqbal was so moved by the loss of his dearest friend ,that he walked down the stream for 2 days to reach baramullah and attend fateha ceremony of his friend and patron and wrote obituary ” Andhera Samad ka maka’n ho Gaya Woh khursheed roshan neha’n hoo Gaya Nahi baag Kashmir mai’n woh bahar Nazar say joo woh gul niha’n Gaya It may be read as translated by Dr Javid Iqbal Darkened lies the abode of Samad Noted by absence is sun, the bright So too spring in garden of Kashmir With flower of it is no more in sight
Resource person : DrAshraf Kashmiri drashrafshafikashmiri@gmail.com Whatsapp. +966544942040
First Morris Wagan in Drugmullah Kupwara( Kashmir -1930) . Plate Number : PBR – 1093 – Dedicated to Massudul Hassan Kanth ( I wish he had established a college with our tax money rather ) °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°° 1) Dogra Loyalist Sonaullah shah from Kupwara was nominated Dogra Praja Sabha member in 1932* and represented entire north Kashmir (*Partial non Nominated Praja Sabha came into existence in 1934 ) 2) Sona-ullah Shah was nominated Jagirdar of Kupwara area and he was the first person from Kashmir ,who bought this car from England in 1930 . 3) The Morris Major was an automobile produced by Morris Motors in the United Kingdom from late 1930 to 1933. It was described by commentators as a Morris Oxford Six with a coachbuilt saloon body.
4) Earlier to that ,Hari Singh had bought in 1924 Vauxhall 30-98 OE Velox Tourer, recognised among the finest British sports cars of the vintage era,moreover , he bought 25 rolls royce in1926 from taxes he collected from kashmiri pesents .
Resource : Dr Ashraf Kashmiri – official Whatsapp : +966544942040 photo credit with thanks : Shamrock . For interesting updates ,click the like button https://www.facebook.com/DrAshrafResearchwork/
جس کھیت سے دہقاں کو میسر نہیں روزی اس کھیت کے ہر خوشۂ گندم کو جلا دو
علامہ اقبال
Jis khet se dehkaN ko mayyasar nahi rozi us khet ke har khosha-e-gandum ko jala do
Allama Iqbal
(Find the Farm whose harvest is no peasants daily bread Garner and burn in the furnace every ripening ear of wheat!)
“Ferno-Phobia” °°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°° Ferno-phobia is a type of anxiety disorder defined by a persistent and excessive fear of an cultural dress of Kashmiris. Resource : Dr Ashraf Kashmir
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